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  1. 2 votes

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    ronita43 commented  · 

    It sounds like you are talking about a sewer system where the depth measurement is typically given as the distance from the ground surface to the invert (bottom) of the sewer pipe. However, in some cases, it may be more useful to measure the depth to the soffit (top) of the sewer pipe, particularly to ensure the sewer has sufficient cover. https://www.benefitscal.biz/

    The depth to invert measurement is the most common measurement used for sewers, as it provides a direct measurement of the distance from the ground surface to the bottom of the pipe. However, in some situations, it may be necessary to use the depth to soffit measurement instead. This is particularly true in cases where the sewer pipe is not buried at a consistent depth throughout its length, or where the cover over the pipe is not consistent.

    By measuring the depth to soffit, engineers and contractors can ensure that the sewer pipe has sufficient cover to protect it from damage, particularly from heavy traffic or other loads. This can be particularly important in areas where the soil is unstable or prone to settlement, as it can help prevent the pipe from sagging or collapsing.

    Overall, the choice between measuring depth to invert or depth to soffit will depend on the specific circumstances of the sewer system and the goals of the project.

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    ronita43 commented  · 

    Hello,
    The Papadaskis-Kazen method is a commonly used hydrological method for estimating time of concentration, which is a key parameter in many stormwater design calculations, such as sizing of stormwater detention facilities and culverts.

    To use the Papadaskis-Kazen method, you will need the following information:

    Watershed area (in square miles or hectares)
    Average slope of the watershed (as a percentage)
    Length of the longest flow path in the watershed (in feet or meters)
    Soil type and land use of the watershed
    Once you have this information, you can use the following equation to calculate the time of concentration (Tc):

    Tc = 0.0124 * (L^0.83) * (S^-0.5) * (A^0.4) * (CN/100)^-1.4

    Where:

    Tc is the time of concentration in minutes
    L is the longest flow path in feet or meters
    S is the average slope of the watershed as a decimal (e.g. 0.05 for a 5% slope)
    A is the watershed area in acres or hectares
    CN is the curve number, which is a dimensionless parameter that depends on the soil type and land use of the watershed. You can find CN values for different land uses and soil types in hydrology textbooks or online resources.
    Note that this equation assumes that the watershed is homogeneous and that rainfall intensity is uniform throughout the watershed. It is also important to note that this equation is only an estimate and that actual time of concentration may vary depending on the complexity and shape of the watershed. Therefore, it is recommended to use this equation as a preliminary sizing tool and to verify the results with more detailed analyses.

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    ronita43 commented  · 

    Hello,
    To calculate the Time of Concentration (Tc) using the Papadaskis-Kazen method for preliminary sizing in Arizona, you can use the following equation:

    Tc = 0.25*(L/[(0.013S)^0.5])(1+(Ia/100))^0.75

    Where:
    Tc = Time of Concentration (minutes)
    L = Length of the longest flow path (feet)
    S = Average slope of the longest flow path (decimal)
    Ia = Watershed impervious area (percentage)

    Note that this equation assumes a watershed with moderate cover (less than 50% impervious area) and a flow path with uniform slope. https://www.nexus-iceland.com/

    Also, be aware that this equation only provides an estimate of Tc and should be used for preliminary sizing only. For detailed design, you may need to use more sophisticated methods that take into account the specific characteristics of your watershed, such as the NRCS TR-55 method or HEC-HMS.

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    ronita43 commented  · 

    To print Critical Storm pipes results in ascending order, you can try the following steps:

    Open the Critical Storm simulation file in the software you are using.

    Go to the pipe results or calculation output section where you want to print the results in ascending order.

    Look for the option to sort the results by pipe code or pipe ID. This option may be located in the menu bar or in a toolbar.

    Select the option to sort the results in ascending order by pipe code or pipe ID.

    Preview or print the report to verify that the results are now sorted in ascending order.

    If you are having trouble finding the option to sort the results, you can refer to the software's user manual or contact their customer support for assistance. https://www.benefitscal.ltd/

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